Two areas of the hypothalamus are known to be particularly important in eating. But we can also feel hunger even without input from the stomach. We feel more hungry when our stomach is empty than when it is full. Biologically, hunger is controlled by the interactions among complex pathways in the nervous system and a variety of hormonal and chemical systems in the brain and body. Like most interesting psychological phenomena, the simple behaviour of eating has both biological and social determinants (Figure 11.11, “Biological, Psychological, and Social-Cultural Contributors to Eating”). Ancel Keys and his colleagues (Keys, Brožek, Henschel, Mickelsen, & Taylor, 1950) found that volunteers who were placed on severely reduced-calorie diets lost all interest in sex and social activities, becoming preoccupied with food. Hungry people become listless and apathetic to save energy and then become completely obsessed with food. More than one in 10 Canadian households contain people who live without enough nourishing food, and this lack of proper nourishment has profound effects on their abilities to lead productive lives (Yarema, 2013). When people are extremely hungry, their motivation to attain food completely changes their behaviour. Understand the psychological and physiological responses that underlie sexual behaviour.Įating: Healthy Choices Make Healthy LivesĪlong with the need to drink fresh water, which humans can normally attain in all except the most extreme situations, the need for food is the most fundamental and important human need.
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